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Optometrists
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Optometrists
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Diagnose, manage, and treat conditions and diseases of the human eye and visual system. Examine eyes and visual system, diagnose problems or impairments, prescribe corrective lenses, and provide treatment. May prescribe therapeutic drugs to treat specific eye conditions.
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Degrees
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Abilities
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Inductive Reasoning| | The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events). |
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Near Vision| | The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer). |
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Problem Sensitivity| | The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem. |
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Arm-Hand Steadiness| | The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position. |
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Deductive Reasoning| | The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense. |
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Oral Expression| | The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand. |
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Finger Dexterity| | The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects. |
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Speed of Closure| | The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns. |
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Control Precision| | The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions. |
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Flexibility of Closure| | The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material. |
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Manual Dexterity| | The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects. |
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Oral Comprehension| | The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences. |
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Written Comprehension| | The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing. |
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Information Ordering| | The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations). |
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Written Expression| | The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand. |
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Category Flexibility| | The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways. |
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Selective Attention| | The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted. |
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Multilimb Coordination| | The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion. |
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Originality| | The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem. |
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Visualization| | The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged. |
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Memorization| | The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures. |
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Far Vision| | The ability to see details at a distance. |
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Speech Clarity| | The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you. |
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Speech Recognition| | The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person. |
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Fluency of Ideas| | The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity). |
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Depth Perception| | The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object. |
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Perceptual Speed| | The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object. |
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Visual Color Discrimination| | The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness. |
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Number Facility| | The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly. |
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Time Sharing| | The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources). |
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Trunk Strength| | The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without 'giving out' or fatiguing. |
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Wrist-Finger Speed| | The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists. |
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Mathematical Reasoning| | The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem. |
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Reaction Time| | The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears. |
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Response Orientation| | The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part. |
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Rate Control| | The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene. |
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Hearing Sensitivity| | The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness. |
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Auditory Attention| | The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds. |
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Spatial Orientation| | The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you. |
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Extent Flexibility| | The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs. |
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Night Vision| | The ability to see under low light conditions. |
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Static Strength| | The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects. |
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Sound Localization| | The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated. |
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Interests
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Investigative| | Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally. |
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Realistic| | Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others. |
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Social| | Social occupations frequently involve working with, communicating with, and teaching people. These occupations often involve helping or providing service to others. |
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Enterprising| | Enterprising occupations frequently involve starting up and carrying out projects. These occupations can involve leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes they require risk taking and often deal with business. |
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Artistic| | Artistic occupations frequently involve working with forms, designs and patterns. They often require self-expression and the work can be done without following a clear set of rules. |
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Conventional| | Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow. |
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First Interest High-Point| | Primary-Rank Descriptiveness |
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Second Interest High-Point| | Secondary-Cutoff/Rank Descriptiveness |
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Knowledge
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Customer and Personal Service| | Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction. |
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Medicine and Dentistry| | Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures. |
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Psychology| | Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders. |
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Mathematics| | Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications. |
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Biology| | Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment. |
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Clerical| | Knowledge of administrative and clerical procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and other office procedures and terminology. |
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Personnel and Human Resources| | Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems. |
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Administration and Management| | Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources. |
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Education and Training| | Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects. |
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Sales and Marketing| | Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems. |
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English Language| | Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar. |
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Computers and Electronics| | Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming. |
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Economics and Accounting| | Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking and the analysis and reporting of financial data. |
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Chemistry| | Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods. |
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Therapy and Counseling| | Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance. |
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Production and Processing| | Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods. |
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Physics| | Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub- atomic structures and processes. |
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Law and Government| | Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process. |
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Sociology and Anthropology| | Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures and their history and origins. |
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Engineering and Technology| | Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services. |
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Mechanical| | Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance. |
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Communications and Media| | Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media. |
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Design| | Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models. |
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Foreign Language| | Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation. |
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Philosophy and Theology| | Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture. |
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Public Safety and Security| | Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions. |
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Transportation| | Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits. |
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Telecommunications| | Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems. |
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Geography| | Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life. |
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Building and Construction| | Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads. |
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History and Archeology| | Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures. |
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Fine Arts| | Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture. |
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Food Production| | Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques. |
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Wages
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| District of Columbia | $67,740.00 |
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| New Hampshire | $107,130.00 |
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| North Carolina | $106,990.00 |
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| South Carolina | $72,100.00 |
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Related Careers
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Dental Assistants| | Assist dentist, set up patient and equipment, and keep records. |
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Orthodontists| | Examine, diagnose, and treat dental malocclusions and oral cavity anomalies. Design and fabricate appliances to realign teeth and jaws to produce and maintain normal function and to improve appearance. |
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Physician Assistants| | Provide healthcare services typically performed by a physician, under the supervision of a physician. Conduct complete physicals, provide treatment, and counsel patients. May, in some cases, prescribe medication. Must graduate from an accredited educational program for physician assistants. |
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Prosthodontists| | Construct oral prostheses to replace missing teeth and other oral structures to correct natural and acquired deformation of mouth and jaws, to restore and maintain oral function, such as chewing and speaking, and to improve appearance. |
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Respiratory Therapists| | Assess, treat, and care for patients with breathing disorders. Assume primary responsibility for all respiratory care modalities, including the supervision of respiratory therapy technicians. Initiate and conduct therapeutic procedures; maintain patient records; and select, assemble, check, and operate equipment. |
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Skills
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Reading Comprehension| | Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents. |
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Active Listening| | Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times. |
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Judgment and Decision Making| | Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one. |
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Critical Thinking| | Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems. |
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Active Learning| | Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making. |
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Monitoring| | Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action. |
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Instructing| | Teaching others how to do something. |
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Science| | Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems. |
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Persuasion| | Persuading others to change their minds or behavior. |
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Service Orientation| | Actively looking for ways to help people. |
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Learning Strategies| | Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things. |
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Speaking| | Talking to others to convey information effectively. |
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Complex Problem Solving| | Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions. |
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Coordination| | Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions. |
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Social Perceptiveness| | Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do. |
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Management of Personnel Resources| | Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job. |
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Equipment Selection| | Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job. |
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Mathematics| | Using mathematics to solve problems. |
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Writing| | Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience. |
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Time Management| | Managing one's own time and the time of others. |
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Troubleshooting| | Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it. |
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Systems Evaluation| | Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system. |
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Management of Material Resources| | Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work. |
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Operations Analysis| | Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design. |
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Negotiation| | Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences. |
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Management of Financial Resources| | Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures. |
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Quality Control Analysis| | Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance. |
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Operation and Control| | Controlling operations of equipment or systems. |
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Operation Monitoring| | Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly. |
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Technology Design| | Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs. |
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Equipment Maintenance| | Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed. |
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Installation| | Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications. |
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Systems Analysis| | Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes. |
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Repairing| | Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools. |
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Programming| | Writing computer programs for various purposes. |
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Tasks
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| Examine eyes, using observation, instruments and pharmaceutical agents, to determine visual acuity and perception, focus and coordination and to diagnose diseases and other abnormalities such as glaucoma or color blindness. |
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| Analyze test results and develop a treatment plan. |
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| Prescribe, supply, fit and adjust eyeglasses, contact lenses and other vision aids. |
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| Prescribe medications to treat eye diseases if state laws permit. |
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| Educate and counsel patients on contact lens care, visual hygiene, lighting arrangements and safety factors. |
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| Consult with and refer patients to ophthalmologist or other health care practitioner if additional medical treatment is determined necessary. |
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| Remove foreign bodies from the eye. |
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| Provide patients undergoing eye surgeries, such as cataract and laser vision correction, with pre- and post-operative care. |
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| Prescribe therapeutic procedures to correct or conserve vision. |
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| Provide vision therapy and low vision rehabilitation. |
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Tools
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| Binocular vision test sets or accessories |
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| Randot stereo tests |
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| Worth 4-dot tests |
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| Blood pressure cuff kits |
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| Sphygmomanometers |
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| Color perception testing lanterns |
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| Color vision testing devices |
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| Combination refractor keratometers |
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| Autorefractors |
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| Corneal topographers |
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| Desktop computers |
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| Eye charts or vision cards |
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| Amsler grids |
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| Broken wheel visual acuity cards |
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| Fixation cards |
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| HRR Hardy-Rand-Rittler plates |
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| Ishihara plates |
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| Near vision test cards |
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| Pediatric near point cards |
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| Pupil diameter PD rules |
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| Single Lea symbol books |
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| Snellen Charts |
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| Eye occluders |
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| Combined cover paddle occluders |
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| Multiple pin hole occluders |
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| Multiple pinhole mask occluders |
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| Lachrymal dilators or sets |
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| Lachrymal dilators |
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| Loupes |
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| Contact lens loupes |
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| Mechanical stethoscopes or accessories |
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| Mechanical stethoscopes |
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| Notebook computers |
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| Ophthalmic eye test lenses or accessories |
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| Clear 20 diopter condensing lenses |
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| Clear 78 diopter condensing lenses |
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| Gonioscopy lenses |
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| Hruby lenses |
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| Non-contact hand-held fundus lenses |
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| Trial lens sets |
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| Yellow condensing lenses |
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| Ophthalmic instrument tables or accessories |
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| Adult fixation targets |
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| Child fixation targets |
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| Ophthalmic irrigation or aspiration supplies or accessories |
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| Lachrymal cannulae |
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| Ophthalmic lens holders |
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| 4-well lens holders |
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| 8-well lens flippers |
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| Halberg clips |
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| Ophthalmic lensometers |
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| Lensometers |
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| Ophthalmic medical instrument sets |
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| Scleral depressors |
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| Ophthalmic prisms |
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| Horizontal prism bars |
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| Loose prisms |
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| Ophthalmic retinoscope accessories |
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| Retinoscopy racks |
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| Skiascopic lens rack |
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| Ophthalmic retinoscopes |
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| Retinoscopes |
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| Ophthalmic slit lamps |
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| Biomicroscopes |
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| Ophthalmic surgical knives or blades or scissors or accessories |
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| Golf club spuds |
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| Ophthalmic tonometers or accessories |
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| Tonometers |
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| Ophthalmic transilluminators |
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| Transilluminators |
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| Ophthalmic visual function analyzers |
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| Retinal cameras |
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| Ophthalmoscopes or otoscopes or scope sets |
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| Binocular indirect ophthalmoscopes |
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| Ophthalmoscopes |
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| Opticians tools or accessories |
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| Half nylon gripping pliers |
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| Lens calipers |
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| Lens clocks |
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| Optical screwdrivers |
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| Snipe nose pliers |
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| Wide jaw angling pliers |
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| Personal computers |
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| Phoropter units |
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| Phoroptors |
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| Photo attachments for microscopes |
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| Fundus cameras |
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| Thickness measuring devices |
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| Corneal pachymeters |
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Technology
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| Accounting software |
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| Intuit QuickBooks |
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| Calendar and scheduling software |
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| Scheduling software |
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| Data base user interface and query software |
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| Marchon Software Solutions ExamWRITER |
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| MediNotes Charting Plus |
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| Microsoft Access |
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| Microsoft SQL Server |
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| Enterprise resource planning ERP software |
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| Accra Med Software Filopto |
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| AltaPoint Data Systems AltaPoint Vision |
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| Babcock WinxPro |
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| Compulink Eyecare Advantage |
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| First Insight MaximEyes |
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| HealthLine Systems Eyecom2 |
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| Insight Software My Vision Express |
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| Luxottica Group E-Z Frame |
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| Marchon Software Solutions OfficeMate |
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| MAX Systems Max-Gold7 |
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| Prima Systems OPTIX |
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| Universal Software Solutions VersaVision |
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| Medical software |
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| Digital Healthcare OptoMize |
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| VisionScience Software Acuity Pro |
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| Word processing software |
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| Microsoft Word |
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Career Activities
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| Making Decisions and Solving Problems |
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| make decisions |
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| Processing Information |
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| measure for eyeglasses |
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| Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge |
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| follow infectious materials procedures |
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| follow patient care procedures |
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| use clinical problem solving techniques |
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| use counseling techniques |
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| use emergency medical treatment procedures |
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| use interpersonal communication techniques |
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| use knowledge of medical terminology |
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| use medical diagnostic techniques |
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| use research methodology procedures in health care |
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| use sanitation practices in health care settings |
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| Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events |
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| identify body response variations |
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| recognize childhood diseases |
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| understand properties or composition of drugs |
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| Assisting and Caring for Others |
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| administer medications or treatments |
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| conduct medical tests |
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| diagnose or treat conditions of the eye |
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| treat medical condition of patient |
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| Provide Consultation and Advice to Others |
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| prescribe or recommend drugs, medical devices or other forms of treatment |
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| Getting Information |
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| obtain information from clients, customers, or patients |
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| Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others |
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| interpret medical laboratory test results |
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| write technical health or medical documents |
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| Performing Administrative Activities |
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| order medical laboratory tests |
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| prepare patient reports |
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| Judging the Qualities of Things, Services, or People |
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| conduct patient assessments |
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| Analyzing Data or Information |
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| analyze medical data |
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| Communicating with Persons Outside Organization |
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| communicate technical information |
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| make presentations on health or medical issues |
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Career Context
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| Freedom to Make Decisions |
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| Face-to-Face Discussions |
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| Indoors, Environmentally Controlled |
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| Physical Proximity |
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| Contact With Others |
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| Deal With External Customers |
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| Structured versus Unstructured Work |
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| Frequency of Decision Making |
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| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results |
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| Work With Work Group or Team |
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| Telephone |
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| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate |
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| Time Pressure |
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| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls |
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| Consequence of Error |
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| Responsible for Others' Health and Safety |
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| Responsibility for Outcomes and Results |
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| Exposed to Disease or Infections |
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| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions |
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| Electronic Mail |
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