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Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists
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Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists
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Conduct research dealing with the understanding of human diseases and the improvement of human health. Engage in clinical investigation or other research, production, technical writing, or related activities.
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Degrees
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Abilities
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Inductive Reasoning| | The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events). |
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Oral Comprehension| | The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences. |
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Written Comprehension| | The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing. |
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Oral Expression| | The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand. |
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Problem Sensitivity| | The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem. |
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Deductive Reasoning| | The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense. |
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Written Expression| | The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand. |
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Information Ordering| | The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations). |
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Near Vision| | The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer). |
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Speech Clarity| | The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you. |
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Category Flexibility| | The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways. |
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Originality| | The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem. |
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Fluency of Ideas| | The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity). |
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Mathematical Reasoning| | The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem. |
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Number Facility| | The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly. |
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Speech Recognition| | The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person. |
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Flexibility of Closure| | The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material. |
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Far Vision| | The ability to see details at a distance. |
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Perceptual Speed| | The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object. |
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Visual Color Discrimination| | The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness. |
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Finger Dexterity| | The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects. |
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Selective Attention| | The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted. |
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Visualization| | The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged. |
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Time Sharing| | The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources). |
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Speed of Closure| | The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns. |
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Control Precision| | The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions. |
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Hearing Sensitivity| | The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness. |
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Memorization| | The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures. |
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Auditory Attention| | The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds. |
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Depth Perception| | The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object. |
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Arm-Hand Steadiness| | The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position. |
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Manual Dexterity| | The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects. |
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Trunk Strength| | The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without 'giving out' or fatiguing. |
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Multilimb Coordination| | The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion. |
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Wrist-Finger Speed| | The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists. |
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Interests
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Investigative| | Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally. |
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Realistic| | Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others. |
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Social| | Social occupations frequently involve working with, communicating with, and teaching people. These occupations often involve helping or providing service to others. |
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Third Interest High-Point| | Tertiary-Cutoff/Rank Descriptiveness |
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Conventional| | Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow. |
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Enterprising| | Enterprising occupations frequently involve starting up and carrying out projects. These occupations can involve leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes they require risk taking and often deal with business. |
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Artistic| | Artistic occupations frequently involve working with forms, designs and patterns. They often require self-expression and the work can be done without following a clear set of rules. |
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First Interest High-Point| | Primary-Rank Descriptiveness |
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Second Interest High-Point| | Secondary-Cutoff/Rank Descriptiveness |
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Knowledge
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Biology| | Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment. |
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Mathematics| | Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications. |
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English Language| | Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar. |
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Chemistry| | Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods. |
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Education and Training| | Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects. |
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Communications and Media| | Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media. |
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Medicine and Dentistry| | Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures. |
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Computers and Electronics| | Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming. |
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Personnel and Human Resources| | Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems. |
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Administration and Management| | Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources. |
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Clerical| | Knowledge of administrative and clerical procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and other office procedures and terminology. |
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Psychology| | Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders. |
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Sociology and Anthropology| | Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures and their history and origins. |
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Public Safety and Security| | Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions. |
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Engineering and Technology| | Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services. |
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Customer and Personal Service| | Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction. |
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Sales and Marketing| | Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems. |
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Physics| | Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub- atomic structures and processes. |
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Therapy and Counseling| | Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance. |
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Law and Government| | Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process. |
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Economics and Accounting| | Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking and the analysis and reporting of financial data. |
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Philosophy and Theology| | Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture. |
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Telecommunications| | Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems. |
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Design| | Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models. |
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Production and Processing| | Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods. |
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Transportation| | Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits. |
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History and Archeology| | Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures. |
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Mechanical| | Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance. |
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Geography| | Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life. |
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Foreign Language| | Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation. |
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Fine Arts| | Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture. |
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Food Production| | Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques. |
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Building and Construction| | Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads. |
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Wages
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| District of Columbia | $65,810.00 |
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| South Carolina | $51,200.00 |
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Related Careers
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Anesthesiologists| | Administer anesthetics during surgery or other medical procedures. |
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Dietitians & Nutritionists| | Plan and conduct food service or nutritional programs to assist in the promotion of health and control of disease. May supervise activities of a department providing quantity food services, counsel individuals, or conduct nutritional research. |
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Foresters| | Manage forested lands for economic, recreational, and conservation purposes. May inventory the type, amount, and location of standing timber, appraise the timber's worth, negotiate the purchase, and draw up contracts for procurement. May determine how to conserve wildlife habitats, creek beds, water quality, and soil stability, and how best to comply with environmental regulations. May devise plans for planting and growing new trees, monitor trees for healthy growth, and determine the best time for harvesting. Develop forest management plans for public and privately-owned forested lands. |
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Medical & Clinical Laboratory Technologists| | Perform complex medical laboratory tests for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. May train or supervise staff. |
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Medical & Clinical Laboratory Technologists| | Perform complex medical laboratory tests for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. May train or supervise staff. |
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Podiatrists| | Diagnose and treat diseases and deformities of the human foot. |
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Soil Conservationists| | Plan and develop coordinated practices for soil erosion control, soil and water conservation, and sound land use. |
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Veterinarians| | Diagnose and treat diseases and dysfunctions of animals. May engage in a particular function, such as research and development, consultation, administration, technical writing, sale or production of commercial products, or rendering of technical services to commercial firms or other organizations. Includes veterinarians who inspect livestock. |
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Skills
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Reading Comprehension| | Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents. |
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Active Listening| | Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times. |
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Writing| | Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience. |
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Judgment and Decision Making| | Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one. |
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Critical Thinking| | Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems. |
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Science| | Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems. |
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Active Learning| | Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making. |
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Instructing| | Teaching others how to do something. |
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Time Management| | Managing one's own time and the time of others. |
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Coordination| | Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions. |
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Complex Problem Solving| | Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions. |
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Learning Strategies| | Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things. |
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Monitoring| | Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action. |
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Social Perceptiveness| | Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do. |
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Speaking| | Talking to others to convey information effectively. |
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Mathematics| | Using mathematics to solve problems. |
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Management of Financial Resources| | Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures. |
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Persuasion| | Persuading others to change their minds or behavior. |
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Troubleshooting| | Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it. |
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Negotiation| | Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences. |
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Operations Analysis| | Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design. |
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Management of Personnel Resources| | Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job. |
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Systems Evaluation| | Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system. |
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Quality Control Analysis| | Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance. |
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Management of Material Resources| | Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work. |
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Technology Design| | Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs. |
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Service Orientation| | Actively looking for ways to help people. |
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Equipment Selection| | Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job. |
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Systems Analysis| | Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes. |
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Programming| | Writing computer programs for various purposes. |
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Operation Monitoring| | Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly. |
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Equipment Maintenance| | Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed. |
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Installation| | Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications. |
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Operation and Control| | Controlling operations of equipment or systems. |
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Repairing| | Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools. |
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Tasks
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| Conduct research to develop methodologies, instrumentation and procedures for medical application, analyzing data and presenting findings. |
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| Prepare and analyze organ, tissue and cell samples to identify toxicity, bacteria, or microorganisms, or to study cell structure. |
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| Plan and direct studies to investigate human or animal disease, preventive methods, and treatments for disease. |
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| Follow strict safety procedures when handling toxic materials to avoid contamination. |
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| Standardize drug dosages, methods of immunization, and procedures for manufacture of drugs and medicinal compounds. |
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| Investigate cause, progress, life cycle, or mode of transmission of diseases or parasites. |
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| Evaluate effects of drugs, gases, pesticides, parasites, and microorganisms at various levels. |
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| Confer with health department, industry personnel, physicians, and others to develop health safety standards and public health improvement programs. |
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| Study animal and human health and physiological processes. |
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| Consult with and advise physicians, educators, researchers, and others regarding medical applications of physics, biology, and chemistry. |
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| Use equipment such as atomic absorption spectrometers, electron microscopes, flow cytometers and chromatography systems. |
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| Teach principles of medicine and medical and laboratory procedures to physicians, residents, students, and technicians. |
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Tools
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| Benchtop centrifuges |
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| Automated centrifuges |
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| Centrifuges |
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| High-speed centrifuges |
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| Tabletop centrifuges |
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| Beta counters |
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| Binocular light compound microscopes |
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| Microscopes |
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| Blood gas analyzers |
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| Blood gas machines |
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| Calorimeters |
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| Bomb calorimeters |
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| Chemistry analyzers |
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| Mercury analyzers |
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| Chromatography tubing |
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| Absorption tubes |
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| Chromatographic tubes |
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| Coagulation analyzers |
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| Coagulation machines |
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| Colorimeters |
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| Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid cDNA synthesis kits |
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| Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA synthesizers |
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| Conductivity meters |
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| Electrical conductivity meters |
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| Cuvettes |
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| Deoxyribonucleic sequence analyzers |
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| Automated deoxyribonucleic acid DNA sequencers |
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| Desktop computers |
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| Dropping pipettes |
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| Pipettes |
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| Dry baths or heating blocks |
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| Heating blocks |
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| Dry wall single chamber carbon dioxide incubators |
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| CO2 incubators |
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| Electrocardiography EKG units |
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| Electrocardiography EKG machines |
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| Electron microscopes |
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| Electrophoresis system power supplies |
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| Electrophoresis power systems |
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| Extracting equipment for laboratories |
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| Steam distillation apparatus |
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| Forced air or mechanical convection general purpose incubators |
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| Incubators |
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| Fume hoods or cupboards |
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| Fume hoods |
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| Gamma counters |
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| Gas chromatographs |
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| Gel boxes |
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| Gel electrophoresis boxes |
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| Gel documentation systems |
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| Gel dryers |
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| Hematology analyzers |
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| Hematology or chemistry mixers |
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| Peptide synthesizers |
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| High pressure liquid chromatograph chromatography |
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| High-pressure liquid chromatographs |
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| Homogenizers |
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| Instrumentation for capillary electrophoresis |
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| Capillary electrophoresis equipment |
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| Ion chromatographs |
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| Ion selective electrode ISE meters |
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| Selective ion meters |
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| Laboratory balances |
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| Balances |
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| Laboratory blenders or emulsifiers |
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| Blenders |
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| Laboratory evaporators |
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| Evaporators |
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| Laboratory filtration hardware or accessories |
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| Crossflow filtration systems |
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| Laboratory flasks |
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| Erlenmeyer flasks |
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| Flasks |
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| Volumetric flasks |
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| Laboratory funnels |
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| Filter funnels |
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| Powder funnels |
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| Laboratory graduated cylinders |
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| Measuring cylinders |
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| Laboratory heaters |
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| Heat lamps |
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| Laboratory hotplates |
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| Hot plates |
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| Laboratory mechanical convection ovens |
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| Hot air ovens |
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| Laboratory sprayers |
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| Spray atomizers |
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| Laboratory washing machines |
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| Glassware washers |
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| Laminar flow cabinets or stations |
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| Laminar flow hoods |
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| Laser printers |
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| Liquid scintillation counters |
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| Scintillation counters |
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| Magnetic stirrers |
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| Mainframe computers |
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| Manual or electronic hematology differential cell counters |
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| Coulter counters |
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| Differential counters |
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| Flow cytometers |
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| Mass spectrometers |
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| Medical computed tomography CT or CAT scanners or tubes |
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| Computerized axial tomography CAT scanners |
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| Medical magnetic resonance imaging MRI scanners |
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| High-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging MRI equipment |
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| Medical magnetic resonance imaging MRI equipment |
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| Medical positron emission tomography PET units |
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| Positron emission tomography PET scanners |
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| Medical ultrasound bone densitometers |
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| Bone ultrasound densitometers |
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| Medical ultrasound or doppler or pulse echo or echography units for general diagnostic use |
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| Ultrasound equipment |
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| Microcentrifuges |
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| Fixed-angle microfuges |
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| Microplate readers |
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| Microplate washers |
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| Plate washers |
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| Microplates |
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| Thin layer chromatography plates |
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| Mobile or transportable medical linear accelerators |
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| Cyclotrons |
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| Notebook computers |
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| Laptop computers |
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| Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectrometers |
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| Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes |
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| Pasteur or transfer pipettes |
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| Pasteur pipettes |
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| Personal computers |
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| Petri plates or dishes |
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| Microdiffusion dishes |
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| Petri dishes |
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| pH meters |
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| Photometers |
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| Flame photometers |
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| Reactors or fermenters or digesters |
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| Fermenters |
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| Refrigerated benchtop centrifuges |
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| Refrigerated centrifuges |
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| Refrigerated swinging bucket centrifuges |
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| Robotic or automated liquid handling systems |
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| Liquid handling robots |
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| Microarrayer scanners |
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| Scanning light or spinning disk or laser scanning microscopes |
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| Confocal microscopes |
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| Shaking incubators |
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| Shaker incubators |
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| Spectrophotometers |
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| Atomic absorption spectrophotometers |
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| Cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometers |
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| Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometers |
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| Fourier Transform IR spectrophotometers |
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| Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometers |
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| Recording spectrophotometers |
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| Ultraviolet-Visible UV/VIS spectrophotometers |
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| Steam autoclaves or sterilizers |
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| Autoclaves |
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| Temperature cycling chambers or thermal cyclers |
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| Thermal cyclers |
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| Thin layer chromatography tanks |
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| Developing tanks |
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| Thinlayer chromatographs |
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| Thin layer chromatography equipment |
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| Ultra cold or ultralow upright cabinets or freezers |
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| Ultralow freezers |
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| Ultracentrifuges |
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| Ultrasonic disintegrators |
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| Cell disruptors |
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| Ultraviolet crosslinkers |
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